Costa Rica

Last updated 18 August 2026

Psychedelic Therapy Legal Landscape

Esketamine (Spravato)

Registered 2021 — valid to 2029

Spravato received a registro sanitario M-US-19-00469 in 2021 (per Janssen statements; valid until 05 June 2029). Esketamine is a named national controlled psychotropic.

Ketamine Therapy

Hospital anesthetic

Ketamine is a named national controlled psychotropic, legal as a hospital anesthetic under the receta verde regime (CCSS confirms supervised in-patient use). Sparsely documented — treat any private offer with standard scrutiny.

Psilocybin

Gray zone

Psilocybin retreats operate in a legal gray zone; no medical framework exists. Psilocybin is technically on the controlled list, and Law 8204 sets no quantity threshold — but Costa Rican courts require proof of trafficking intent to convict, so bare personal possession/consumption is in practice not prosecuted. That’s not the same as legal supply.

MDMA

No medical route

No medical framework.

Medical Cannabis

De facto decrim; no market

The drug law does not penalize personal consumption (no defined threshold — de facto decriminalization); an adult-use bill proposed in 2022 never passed. No legal supply.

Ibogaine

Unscheduled — covered by 2025 warning

Ibogaine is not on the national schedule — health officials call it simply “unregistered,” not authorized for therapeutic use — but the health ministry’s 23 January 2025 warning covers it explicitly alongside ayahuasca (which is scheduled, via its DMT content). Given ibogaine’s cardiac risk, an unregulated setting is exactly where it is most dangerous.

Clinical Trials

Open route

No significant registered psychedelic trial activity. Participation is free; screening is strict; never pay for “trial access”.

Frequently asked questions — Costa Rica

Is ketamine therapy legal in Costa Rica?
Hospital anesthetic · emerging clinic use. Ketamine is a named national controlled psychotropic, legal as a hospital anesthetic under the receta verde regime (CCSS confirms supervised in-patient use); at least one San José psychiatric IV-ketamine practice operates.
Is psilocybin legal in Costa Rica?
Gray zone. Psilocybin retreats operate in a legal gray zone; no medical framework exists.
Is MDMA therapy legal in Costa Rica?
No medical route. No medical framework.
Is ayahuasca legal in Costa Rica?
Unscheduled — narrowing gray zone. On paper: ayahuasca, B. caapi and harmine are absent from the national controlled-substances list (DMT itself is listed) — which is why an international retreat industry operates openly. On the ground: the gray zone is narrowing — the Health Ministry issued a formal Advertencia Sanitaria on 23 January 2025 covering ayahuasca AND ibogaine (its position: unauthorized medical practice, no registro sanitario), while the best-known resort continues operating under a 2015 permit after a revocation attempt failed procedurally. No licensing, no medical oversight; screening rests entirely on you and the provider.
Is ibogaine legal in Costa Rica?
Unscheduled — covered by 2025 warning. Ibogaine is not on the national schedule, but the 23 January 2025 health-ministry warning covers it explicitly alongside ayahuasca.
Can I join a psychedelic clinical trial in Costa Rica?
No significant registered psychedelic trial activity. Participation is free; screening is strict; never pay for "trial access".