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2025
14 citations Research paper

Effective Treatment for Mental and Substance Use Disorders in 21 Countries

Daniel Vigo, Dan J. Stein, Meredith Harris, Alan E. Kazdin, María Carmen Viana, Richard J. Munthali,

Summary & key facts

Researchers looked at mental health and substance problems across 21 countries and found big gaps in effective care. The biggest barrier was that many people do not think they need help. The study says primary care doctors need better training, care should move people from minimal to truly effective treatment, and that men and people with less schooling are less likely to get treatment that actually helps.

Key facts:
  • The study looked across 21 countries to measure how well people get effective treatment for mental and substance use problems.
  • Many people who could benefit from care do not get it because they do not perceive, or recognize, that they need help; this was the largest single barrier the researchers found.
  • There are gaps in the quality of treatment. Some people get only minimal care instead of care that clearly helps, so the researchers call for better continuity from minimal to effective treatment.
  • Primary care clinicians, meaning the doctors and health workers people see first, often need more training to recognize and treat mental disorders.
  • Men and people with lower levels of education were identified as groups that are less likely to receive effective treatment and so need better access.

Abstract

In addition to the gaps in treatment quality, these results highlight the importance of increasing perceived need, the largest barrier to effective treatment; the importance of training primary care treatment clinicians in recognition and treatment of mental disorders; the need to improve the continuum of care, especially from minimally adequate to effective treatment; and the importance of bridging the effective treatment gap for men and people with lower education.

Topics

Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development Mental Health Treatment and Access Schizophrenia research and treatment

Categories

Psychology Social Psychology Social Sciences

Tags

Anxiety Clinical psychology Cross-sectional study Environmental health Guideline Marital status Medicine Mental health Mood Mood disorders Pathology Population Psychiatry

Conditions & symptoms

Addiction Anxiety Depression Substance abuse disorder Addiction or harmful habbits Anxiety or worry Sadness or low mood
Summaries and links are for general information and education only. They are not a substitute for reading the original publication or for professional medical, legal, or other advice. Always refer to the linked source for the full study.

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